A Turkish buyer transfers assets to relatives, shareholders or third parties to avoid paying a foreign creditor. Learn how fraudulent transfer actions, precautionary attachment, enforcement proceedings […]
Can directors and shareholders be personally liable for fraudulent company debts in Turkey? Learn when courts may look beyond separate legal personality, pursue personal assets and […]
Learn when creditors can pursue involuntary bankruptcy against defaulting Turkish debtors, how bankruptcy proceedings work, which debtors may be subject to bankruptcy, and what foreign creditors […]
A Turkish buyer files for concordat while owing money to a foreign supplier. Learn how foreign creditors should register claims, protect voting rights, handle disputed debts, […]
Learn how businesses can manage exchange-rate risk, default interest, payment claims and enforcement of unpaid USD, EUR and other foreign-currency invoices under Turkish law. Unpaid foreign-currency […]
Goods remain unclaimed at a Turkish port because the buyer refuses payment. Learn the customs, carrier, storage, demurrage, re-export, sale and contractual remedies available to foreign […]
Foreign exporters selling goods to Turkey can reduce payment and buyer-default risks through letters of credit, bank guarantees and carefully structured retention of title clauses. This […]
Learn when the CISG applies to international sales contracts involving Turkey, how parties can exclude it, and how it affects delivery, defective goods, payment, termination, damages […]
Selling goods to a Turkish buyer? Learn which payment, security, interest, retention of title, guarantee, termination, dispute resolution and enforcement clauses foreign sellers should include in […]