International Protection Applications and Stages in Turkey: A Comprehensive Guide for Foreign Nationals

Turkey is a key destination for many foreigners seeking international protection due to its geographical location and the historical, social, and political context. The process of applying for international protection, also known as asylum, is essential for individuals who are in need of refuge and protection from the dangers they face in their home countries. Understanding the steps and stages involved in making an international protection application is crucial for foreign nationals seeking asylum in Turkey. This guide provides an in-depth overview of the application process, shedding light on the relevant authorities, stages, and requirements to help applicants navigate the system efficiently.

What is International Protection?

International protection is a legal status granted to foreign nationals who are unable to return to their home country due to a well-founded fear of persecution. In Turkey, the scope of international protection is governed by the Law on Foreigners and International Protection (LFIP), which aligns with the international refugee and asylum frameworks. This protection includes two primary categories: refugee status and subsidiary protection. Refugee status is granted to individuals who face persecution based on race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or membership in a particular social group. Subsidiary protection, on the other hand, is provided to those who are not qualified as refugees but face serious harm such as the death penalty, torture, or inhuman treatment in their home country.

The first step in the process of obtaining international protection is making an application to the Directorate General of Migration Management (DGMM) in Turkey. Foreign nationals can file their applications either at a border gate or through a local DGMM office. The application must be submitted in person, and the applicant will be required to provide personal information, including identification details, the reasons for seeking protection, and any documents or evidence to support their claim. The DGMM is the main government body responsible for overseeing the entire asylum process in Turkey, including the assessment and decision-making stages.

The Stages of International Protection Application in Turkey

The process of applying for international protection in Turkey consists of several key stages, each with specific requirements and procedures.

Registration Process

The first stage is the registration process, where the applicant’s personal details, travel history, and reasons for seeking asylum are recorded by the DGMM. This step is crucial as it initiates the application process and allows authorities to assess the applicant’s eligibility for international protection. After registration, the applicant will be given an appointment for an interview with a migration officer, who will conduct an in-depth assessment of the applicant’s situation.

The Interview

During the interview, applicants are asked detailed questions about the reasons for their displacement and the conditions they faced in their home countries. It is important to be truthful and provide as much evidence as possible, including documents, witness statements, or medical reports, to support the claim. The interview stage is crucial as it helps the DGMM determine the applicant’s eligibility for either refugee status or subsidiary protection. After the interview, the DGMM will evaluate all the information provided and make a decision on the application. The decision can be positive, leading to the granting of international protection status, or negative, in which case the applicant may face deportation or other legal actions.

Appeal Process

If the application is successful, the applicant will be granted international protection status, which includes the right to reside and work in Turkey. However, if the application is rejected, the applicant has the right to appeal the decision within 15 days. This appeal process is handled by the International Protection Evaluation Commission, which re-evaluates the case and makes a final decision. It is important to note that during the appeal process, the applicant will not be deported, and they may remain in Turkey while waiting for the final decision.

Legal Support and Resources for International Protection Applicants

Foreign nationals seeking international protection in Turkey are entitled to legal assistance throughout the application process. There are various NGOs and legal aid organizations that offer free legal support, especially for those who cannot afford private legal counsel. Additionally, applicants can consult the DGMM website and other official government sources for information about their rights and the steps involved in the application process.

For further details on the application process, regulations, and requirements, applicants can visit the Directorate General of Migration Management (DGMM) official website: www.goc.gov.tr. The website provides comprehensive resources, including guides, frequently asked questions, and updates on the status of international protection applications.

The international protection system in Turkey is designed to ensure that individuals who are in need of refuge and safety can access protection, but it is essential to follow the correct procedures and meet all the requirements to increase the chances of a successful application. By understanding the stages and knowing where to find support, foreign nationals can better navigate the asylum process in Turkey and protect their rights during this challenging time.

For more detailed information and legal assistance, FFK Partner Law Firm provides you with professional support!