Legal Duties of Shipping Agents in Turkey (2026 Legal Guide)
Port Agency Agreements in Turkey (2026 Legal Guide)
Haziran 11, 2026
Maritime Commercial Representation Agreements in Turkey (2026 Legal Guide)
Haziran 11, 2026
Comprehensive 2026 guide to the legal duties of shipping agents in Turkey. Learn about ship agency obligations, authority of agents, customs compliance, port operations, vessel representation, liability risks, maritime regulations, and legal responsibilities under Turkish maritime law.
Shipping agents are among the most important participants in the maritime industry. Every commercial vessel entering a port requires coordination with numerous authorities, service providers, terminal operators, customs administrations, immigration offices, and maritime regulators. Shipping agents serve as the local representatives of shipowners, charterers, vessel managers, operators, and cargo interests, ensuring that vessels can enter, operate within, and depart from ports efficiently and in compliance with applicable regulations.
Turkey’s strategic maritime location between Europe, Asia, the Mediterranean, the Black Sea, and the Middle East makes shipping agency services particularly significant. Thousands of international vessels call at Turkish ports every year, creating extensive demand for professional ship agency services. As maritime regulations become increasingly complex and compliance obligations continue to expand, the legal duties of shipping agents have become more important than ever.
For foreign shipowners, international shipping companies, charterers, logistics providers, offshore operators, and maritime investors, understanding the legal obligations of shipping agents is essential. Failure to perform agency duties properly may result in vessel delays, customs penalties, regulatory investigations, financial losses, cargo disputes, environmental liabilities, and legal claims.
This 2026 Legal Guide explains the legal duties of shipping agents in Turkey and examines the responsibilities and liabilities arising from maritime agency relationships.
What Is a Shipping Agent?
A shipping agent is a company or individual authorized to represent a shipowner, operator, charterer, vessel manager, or other maritime principal before local authorities and service providers.
The shipping agent acts as the local coordinator responsible for facilitating vessel operations and ensuring compliance with regulatory requirements.
Typical services include:
- Port clearance procedures
- Customs formalities
- Cargo documentation
- Crew assistance
- Vessel husbandry services
- Bunkering arrangements
- Authority communications
- Financial administration
Shipping agents play a central role in ensuring smooth vessel operations throughout the port call process.
Legal Framework Governing Shipping Agents
The legal duties of shipping agents are generally governed by:
- Turkish Commercial Code No. 6102
- Turkish Code of Obligations
- Maritime law principles
- Agency law provisions
- Customs regulations
- Port regulations
The relationship between the shipping agent and the principal is primarily contractual.
Accordingly, the agency agreement plays a decisive role in defining authority, responsibilities, duties, and liability exposure.
A properly drafted agreement is essential.
Duty to Represent the Principal
The primary duty of a shipping agent is to represent the principal’s interests.
This obligation requires the agent to:
- Follow lawful instructions
- Act within granted authority
- Protect the principal’s interests
- Exercise professional care
The agent should always prioritize the legitimate interests of the principal while complying with applicable regulations.
Conflicts of interest should be avoided whenever possible.
Duty to Act Within Authority
One of the most important legal obligations involves respecting the limits of authority granted by the principal.
The agent must not:
- Enter unauthorized contracts
- Incur unauthorized expenses
- Make commitments beyond authority
- Exceed delegated powers
Actions exceeding authority may expose the agent to liability.
Authority limits should therefore be clearly documented.
Duty of Professional Care
Shipping agents are expected to perform their services with reasonable skill, diligence, and professional competence.
This duty applies to:
- Documentation management
- Port operations
- Regulatory compliance
- Financial administration
- Communication procedures
Professional negligence may result in liability for losses suffered by the principal.
The standard of care often depends upon industry practice and the specific circumstances.
Duty to Arrange Port Formalities
A core responsibility of shipping agents involves coordinating vessel arrival and departure procedures.
This duty commonly includes:
- Arrival notifications
- Berth reservations
- Port entry documentation
- Departure clearances
- Regulatory submissions
Failure to complete these procedures properly may result in delays and additional costs.
Timely performance is therefore essential.
Duty to Coordinate with Authorities
Shipping agents frequently serve as the primary point of contact with:
- Port authorities
- Customs administrations
- Immigration officials
- Health authorities
- Maritime regulators
The agent must ensure that communications with authorities are accurate and timely.
Poor coordination may expose both the agent and the principal to regulatory problems.
Duty to Manage Customs Procedures
Customs compliance represents one of the most important aspects of ship agency services.
Agents commonly assist with:
- Cargo declarations
- Customs documentation
- Import procedures
- Export formalities
- Transit cargo operations
Errors in customs procedures may result in:
- Administrative fines
- Cargo delays
- Regulatory investigations
- Vessel detention
Careful attention to customs requirements is critical.
Duty to Prepare and Verify Documentation
Shipping agents frequently manage significant amounts of documentation.
Common documents include:
- Cargo manifests
- Bills of lading
- Customs declarations
- Arrival notices
- Departure documents
Documentation must be accurate and complete.
Errors may create substantial financial and legal consequences.
Verification procedures should always be implemented.
Duty to Coordinate Cargo Operations
Although shipping agents do not usually perform cargo handling directly, they often coordinate cargo-related activities.
These may include:
- Terminal communications
- Stevedore arrangements
- Survey coordination
- Cargo documentation management
Proper coordination helps prevent operational disruptions and commercial disputes.
Communication remains essential throughout cargo operations.
Duty to Assist Crew Members
Shipping agents frequently provide support for vessel crews.
Responsibilities may include:
- Crew changes
- Immigration formalities
- Transportation arrangements
- Medical assistance
- Accommodation services
Crew-related services require careful compliance with immigration and labor regulations.
Failure to comply may result in penalties and operational complications.
Duty to Arrange Husbandry Services
Husbandry services represent an important component of ship agency operations.
Examples include:
- Vessel supplies
- Spare parts delivery
- Waste disposal arrangements
- Medical support
- Local transportation
The shipping agent must coordinate these services efficiently and cost-effectively.
Proper planning helps avoid delays and unnecessary expenses.
Duty to Maintain Accurate Financial Records
Shipping agents often handle substantial financial transactions.
The agent may arrange payment of:
- Port charges
- Pilotage fees
- Towage fees
- Terminal expenses
- Service provider invoices
Accurate accounting is essential.
The principal should receive clear and transparent financial reporting.
Duty to Protect Confidential Information
Shipping agents frequently obtain access to confidential commercial information.
Examples include:
- Charter arrangements
- Cargo details
- Commercial strategies
- Financial information
Agents should implement appropriate confidentiality measures.
Unauthorized disclosure may result in liability.
Duty to Report Material Information
The shipping agent should keep the principal informed regarding significant developments affecting vessel operations.
Important matters may include:
- Delays
- Regulatory issues
- Operational disruptions
- Claims
- Inspections
Prompt reporting enables principals to make informed decisions.
Communication failures often contribute to disputes.
Duty to Comply with Environmental Regulations
Environmental compliance has become a major area of responsibility within the maritime industry.
Shipping agents may assist with:
- Waste disposal arrangements
- Pollution reporting
- Environmental inspections
- Compliance communications
Environmental incidents may expose multiple parties to liability.
Compliance procedures should therefore be followed carefully.
Duty to Cooperate During Vessel Arrest Proceedings
When maritime claims arise, shipping agents often play an important role.
Examples include:
- Vessel arrests
- Cargo disputes
- Crew wage claims
- Bunker claims
The agent may coordinate communications among:
- Lawyers
- Courts
- Authorities
- Shipowners
Prompt action is essential in these situations.
Duty to Avoid Conflicts of Interest
Shipping agents should avoid situations where competing interests may compromise their professional judgment.
Potential conflicts may arise where:
- Multiple parties are represented
- Commercial interests diverge
- Confidential information is involved
Conflict management procedures help protect all parties.
Transparency is essential.
Duty to Maintain Professional Competence
The maritime industry continues to evolve rapidly.
Shipping agents should remain informed regarding:
- Regulatory developments
- Customs requirements
- Environmental obligations
- Digital systems
- Industry practices
Continuous professional development helps ensure competent service delivery.
Failure to remain current may increase liability exposure.
Duty Regarding Electronic Documentation
Digitalization has transformed maritime operations.
Shipping agents increasingly manage:
- Electronic manifests
- Digital customs submissions
- Port community systems
- Electronic certificates
Agents must ensure:
- Accuracy
- Security
- Timely submission
Digital compliance has become a core professional responsibility.
Duty to Protect Against Cybersecurity Risks
Cybersecurity is increasingly important in maritime operations.
Shipping agents should implement safeguards against:
- Data breaches
- Fraudulent communications
- Unauthorized access
- System disruptions
Cyber incidents may result in financial losses and regulatory consequences.
Appropriate security measures are essential.
Liability for Breach of Duties
Shipping agents may face liability where losses arise from:
- Negligence
- Documentation errors
- Unauthorized actions
- Regulatory non-compliance
- Communication failures
The extent of liability depends upon:
- Contractual provisions
- Applicable law
- Specific circumstances
Professional risk management helps reduce exposure.
Limitation of Liability Clauses
Many agency agreements contain liability limitation provisions.
These clauses may:
- Cap damages
- Exclude indirect losses
- Restrict liability exposure
Their effectiveness depends on contractual wording and applicable legal principles.
Careful drafting is highly recommended.
Insurance Considerations
Professional shipping agents should maintain appropriate insurance coverage.
Common policies include:
- Professional indemnity insurance
- Errors and omissions insurance
- General liability coverage
Insurance provides important protection against operational and professional risks.
Coverage should reflect the scope of agency services provided.
Common Legal Mistakes Made by Shipping Agents
Recurring problems include:
- Exceeding authority
- Poor documentation practices
- Inadequate reporting
- Weak compliance controls
- Failure to verify information
- Insufficient recordkeeping
Strong internal procedures significantly reduce these risks.
Professional oversight remains essential.
2026 Trends Affecting Shipping Agent Responsibilities
Several developments are expected to influence shipping agency services during 2026:
- Increased digitalization of port procedures
- Expansion of electronic customs systems
- Enhanced environmental reporting requirements
- Greater cybersecurity obligations
- Growth in offshore energy activities
- Increased compliance expectations
- Stronger sanctions screening requirements
- Expansion of integrated logistics services
These developments are expected to increase both operational complexity and professional responsibilities.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What is the primary duty of a shipping agent?
The primary duty is to represent the principal’s interests and coordinate vessel operations in accordance with applicable instructions and regulations.
Can a shipping agent be liable for customs violations?
Yes. Liability may arise where customs issues result from negligence, documentation errors, or regulatory non-compliance.
What documents does a shipping agent commonly handle?
Cargo manifests, customs declarations, bills of lading, arrival notices, and departure documentation are among the most common.
Must a shipping agent follow the principal’s instructions?
Yes, provided the instructions are lawful and fall within the scope of the agency relationship.
Can a shipping agent sign contracts on behalf of a shipowner?
Yes, if appropriate authority has been granted.
What are husbandry services?
These services include crew assistance, transportation arrangements, supplies, medical support, and vessel-related logistics.
Why is environmental compliance important?
Environmental violations may result in significant penalties, liability claims, and reputational harm.
What happens if a shipping agent exceeds authority?
The agent may become personally liable for resulting losses or disputes.
Should shipping agents maintain insurance?
Yes. Professional indemnity and errors and omissions insurance are strongly recommended.
Why is legal advice important for shipping agents?
Shipping agents operate within a complex legal environment involving maritime law, customs regulations, agency law, environmental compliance, and contractual liability.
Legal Support and Contact Information
Shipping agents perform critical functions within maritime operations and assume significant legal responsibilities. Proper agency agreements, compliance procedures, documentation controls, authority structures, and risk management systems are essential for reducing liability exposure and ensuring efficient vessel operations.
Whether you are a shipowner, vessel operator, charterer, ship manager, logistics company, offshore contractor, or maritime service provider, experienced legal guidance can help protect your interests and ensure compliance with Turkish maritime regulations.
Legal Support for Shipping Agents and Maritime Operations
If you require assistance with shipping agency agreements, maritime compliance issues, customs procedures, vessel representation matters, maritime claims, cargo disputes, vessel arrests, offshore operations, or maritime dispute resolution in Turkey, our legal team is ready to assist.
Fırat Fesih Kaya Law
Phone: +90 312 434 22 22
Mobile: +90 532 769 22 22
Email: info@firatfesihkaya.av.tr
Address: Mevlana Boulevard No:221, Yıldırım Tower No:148, 06520 Balgat, Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey
Our firm advises shipowners, vessel operators, charterers, ship managers, shipping agents, logistics companies, offshore contractors, financial institutions, and international maritime businesses on shipping agency agreements, maritime compliance, customs regulations, vessel operations, maritime disputes, and shipping law matters throughout Turkey.
Tags: Shipping agents are among the most important participants in the maritime industry. Every commercial vessel entering a port requires coordination with numerous authorities, service providers, terminal operators, customs administrations, immigration offices, and maritime regulators. Shipping agents serve as the local representatives of shipowners, charterers, vessel managers, operators, and cargo interests, ensuring that vessels can enter, operate within, and depart from ports efficiently and in compliance with applicable regulations.
Turkey’s strategic maritime location between Europe, Asia, the Mediterranean, the Black Sea, and the Middle East makes shipping agency services particularly significant. Thousands of international vessels call at Turkish ports every year, creating extensive demand for professional ship agency services. As maritime regulations become increasingly complex and compliance obligations continue to expand, the legal duties of shipping agents have become more important than ever.
For foreign shipowners, international shipping companies, charterers, logistics providers, offshore operators, and maritime investors, understanding the legal obligations of shipping agents is essential. Failure to perform agency duties properly may result in vessel delays, customs penalties, regulatory investigations, financial losses, cargo disputes, environmental liabilities, and legal claims.
This 2026 Legal Guide explains the legal duties of shipping agents in Turkey and examines the responsibilities and liabilities arising from maritime agency relationships.
What Is a Shipping Agent?
A shipping agent is a company or individual authorized to represent a shipowner, operator, charterer, vessel manager, or other maritime principal before local authorities and service providers.
The shipping agent acts as the local coordinator responsible for facilitating vessel operations and ensuring compliance with regulatory requirements.
Typical services include:
- Port clearance procedures
- Customs formalities
- Cargo documentation
- Crew assistance
- Vessel husbandry services
- Bunkering arrangements
- Authority communications
- Financial administration
Shipping agents play a central role in ensuring smooth vessel operations throughout the port call process.
Legal Framework Governing Shipping Agents
The legal duties of shipping agents are generally governed by:
- Turkish Commercial Code No. 6102
- Turkish Code of Obligations
- Maritime law principles
- Agency law provisions
- Customs regulations
- Port regulations
The relationship between the shipping agent and the principal is primarily contractual.
Accordingly, the agency agreement plays a decisive role in defining authority, responsibilities, duties, and liability exposure.
A properly drafted agreement is essential.
Duty to Represent the Principal
The primary duty of a shipping agent is to represent the principal’s interests.
This obligation requires the agent to:
- Follow lawful instructions
- Act within granted authority
- Protect the principal’s interests
- Exercise professional care
The agent should always prioritize the legitimate interests of the principal while complying with applicable regulations.
Conflicts of interest should be avoided whenever possible.
Duty to Act Within Authority
One of the most important legal obligations involves respecting the limits of authority granted by the principal.
The agent must not:
- Enter unauthorized contracts
- Incur unauthorized expenses
- Make commitments beyond authority
- Exceed delegated powers
Actions exceeding authority may expose the agent to liability.
Authority limits should therefore be clearly documented.
Duty of Professional Care
Shipping agents are expected to perform their services with reasonable skill, diligence, and professional competence.
This duty applies to:
- Documentation management
- Port operations
- Regulatory compliance
- Financial administration
- Communication procedures
Professional negligence may result in liability for losses suffered by the principal.
The standard of care often depends upon industry practice and the specific circumstances.
Duty to Arrange Port Formalities
A core responsibility of shipping agents involves coordinating vessel arrival and departure procedures.
This duty commonly includes:
- Arrival notifications
- Berth reservations
- Port entry documentation
- Departure clearances
- Regulatory submissions
Failure to complete these procedures properly may result in delays and additional costs.
Timely performance is therefore essential.
Duty to Coordinate with Authorities
Shipping agents frequently serve as the primary point of contact with:
- Port authorities
- Customs administrations
- Immigration officials
- Health authorities
- Maritime regulators
The agent must ensure that communications with authorities are accurate and timely.
Poor coordination may expose both the agent and the principal to regulatory problems.
Duty to Manage Customs Procedures
Customs compliance represents one of the most important aspects of ship agency services.
Agents commonly assist with:
- Cargo declarations
- Customs documentation
- Import procedures
- Export formalities
- Transit cargo operations
Errors in customs procedures may result in:
- Administrative fines
- Cargo delays
- Regulatory investigations
- Vessel detention
Careful attention to customs requirements is critical.
Duty to Prepare and Verify Documentation
Shipping agents frequently manage significant amounts of documentation.
Common documents include:
- Cargo manifests
- Bills of lading
- Customs declarations
- Arrival notices
- Departure documents
Documentation must be accurate and complete.
Errors may create substantial financial and legal consequences.
Verification procedures should always be implemented.
Duty to Coordinate Cargo Operations
Although shipping agents do not usually perform cargo handling directly, they often coordinate cargo-related activities.
These may include:
- Terminal communications
- Stevedore arrangements
- Survey coordination
- Cargo documentation management
Proper coordination helps prevent operational disruptions and commercial disputes.
Communication remains essential throughout cargo operations.
Duty to Assist Crew Members
Shipping agents frequently provide support for vessel crews.
Responsibilities may include:
- Crew changes
- Immigration formalities
- Transportation arrangements
- Medical assistance
- Accommodation services
Crew-related services require careful compliance with immigration and labor regulations.
Failure to comply may result in penalties and operational complications.
Duty to Arrange Husbandry Services
Husbandry services represent an important component of ship agency operations.
Examples include:
- Vessel supplies
- Spare parts delivery
- Waste disposal arrangements
- Medical support
- Local transportation
The shipping agent must coordinate these services efficiently and cost-effectively.
Proper planning helps avoid delays and unnecessary expenses.
Duty to Maintain Accurate Financial Records
Shipping agents often handle substantial financial transactions.
The agent may arrange payment of:
- Port charges
- Pilotage fees
- Towage fees
- Terminal expenses
- Service provider invoices
Accurate accounting is essential.
The principal should receive clear and transparent financial reporting.
Duty to Protect Confidential Information
Shipping agents frequently obtain access to confidential commercial information.
Examples include:
- Charter arrangements
- Cargo details
- Commercial strategies
- Financial information
Agents should implement appropriate confidentiality measures.
Unauthorized disclosure may result in liability.
Duty to Report Material Information
The shipping agent should keep the principal informed regarding significant developments affecting vessel operations.
Important matters may include:
- Delays
- Regulatory issues
- Operational disruptions
- Claims
- Inspections
Prompt reporting enables principals to make informed decisions.
Communication failures often contribute to disputes.
Duty to Comply with Environmental Regulations
Environmental compliance has become a major area of responsibility within the maritime industry.
Shipping agents may assist with:
- Waste disposal arrangements
- Pollution reporting
- Environmental inspections
- Compliance communications
Environmental incidents may expose multiple parties to liability.
Compliance procedures should therefore be followed carefully.
Duty to Cooperate During Vessel Arrest Proceedings
When maritime claims arise, shipping agents often play an important role.
Examples include:
- Vessel arrests
- Cargo disputes
- Crew wage claims
- Bunker claims
The agent may coordinate communications among:
- Lawyers
- Courts
- Authorities
- Shipowners
Prompt action is essential in these situations.
Duty to Avoid Conflicts of Interest
Shipping agents should avoid situations where competing interests may compromise their professional judgment.
Potential conflicts may arise where:
- Multiple parties are represented
- Commercial interests diverge
- Confidential information is involved
Conflict management procedures help protect all parties.
Transparency is essential.
Duty to Maintain Professional Competence
The maritime industry continues to evolve rapidly.
Shipping agents should remain informed regarding:
- Regulatory developments
- Customs requirements
- Environmental obligations
- Digital systems
- Industry practices
Continuous professional development helps ensure competent service delivery.
Failure to remain current may increase liability exposure.
Duty Regarding Electronic Documentation
Digitalization has transformed maritime operations.
Shipping agents increasingly manage:
- Electronic manifests
- Digital customs submissions
- Port community systems
- Electronic certificates
Agents must ensure:
- Accuracy
- Security
- Timely submission
Digital compliance has become a core professional responsibility.
Duty to Protect Against Cybersecurity Risks
Cybersecurity is increasingly important in maritime operations.
Shipping agents should implement safeguards against:
- Data breaches
- Fraudulent communications
- Unauthorized access
- System disruptions
Cyber incidents may result in financial losses and regulatory consequences.
Appropriate security measures are essential.
Liability for Breach of Duties
Shipping agents may face liability where losses arise from:
- Negligence
- Documentation errors
- Unauthorized actions
- Regulatory non-compliance
- Communication failures
The extent of liability depends upon:
- Contractual provisions
- Applicable law
- Specific circumstances
Professional risk management helps reduce exposure.
Limitation of Liability Clauses
Many agency agreements contain liability limitation provisions.
These clauses may:
- Cap damages
- Exclude indirect losses
- Restrict liability exposure
Their effectiveness depends on contractual wording and applicable legal principles.
Careful drafting is highly recommended.
Insurance Considerations
Professional shipping agents should maintain appropriate insurance coverage.
Common policies include:
- Professional indemnity insurance
- Errors and omissions insurance
- General liability coverage
Insurance provides important protection against operational and professional risks.
Coverage should reflect the scope of agency services provided.
Common Legal Mistakes Made by Shipping Agents
Recurring problems include:
- Exceeding authority
- Poor documentation practices
- Inadequate reporting
- Weak compliance controls
- Failure to verify information
- Insufficient recordkeeping
Strong internal procedures significantly reduce these risks.
Professional oversight remains essential.
2026 Trends Affecting Shipping Agent Responsibilities
Several developments are expected to influence shipping agency services during 2026:
- Increased digitalization of port procedures
- Expansion of electronic customs systems
- Enhanced environmental reporting requirements
- Greater cybersecurity obligations
- Growth in offshore energy activities
- Increased compliance expectations
- Stronger sanctions screening requirements
- Expansion of integrated logistics services
These developments are expected to increase both operational complexity and professional responsibilities.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What is the primary duty of a shipping agent?
The primary duty is to represent the principal’s interests and coordinate vessel operations in accordance with applicable instructions and regulations.
Can a shipping agent be liable for customs violations?
Yes. Liability may arise where customs issues result from negligence, documentation errors, or regulatory non-compliance.
What documents does a shipping agent commonly handle?
Cargo manifests, customs declarations, bills of lading, arrival notices, and departure documentation are among the most common.
Must a shipping agent follow the principal’s instructions?
Yes, provided the instructions are lawful and fall within the scope of the agency relationship.
Can a shipping agent sign contracts on behalf of a shipowner?
Yes, if appropriate authority has been granted.
What are husbandry services?
These services include crew assistance, transportation arrangements, supplies, medical support, and vessel-related logistics.
Why is environmental compliance important?
Environmental violations may result in significant penalties, liability claims, and reputational harm.
What happens if a shipping agent exceeds authority?
The agent may become personally liable for resulting losses or disputes.
Should shipping agents maintain insurance?
Yes. Professional indemnity and errors and omissions insurance are strongly recommended.
Why is legal advice important for shipping agents?
Shipping agents operate within a complex legal environment involving maritime law, customs regulations, agency law, environmental compliance, and contractual liability.
Legal Support and Contact Information
Shipping agents perform critical functions within maritime operations and assume significant legal responsibilities. Proper agency agreements, compliance procedures, documentation controls, authority structures, and risk management systems are essential for reducing liability exposure and ensuring efficient vessel operations.
Whether you are a shipowner, vessel operator, charterer, ship manager, logistics company, offshore contractor, or maritime service provider, experienced legal guidance can help protect your interests and ensure compliance with Turkish maritime regulations.
Legal Support for Shipping Agents and Maritime Operations
If you require assistance with shipping agency agreements, maritime compliance issues, customs procedures, vessel representation matters, maritime claims, cargo disputes, vessel arrests, offshore operations, or maritime dispute resolution in Turkey, our legal team is ready to assist.
Fırat Fesih Kaya Law
Phone: +90 312 434 22 22
Mobile: +90 532 769 22 22
Email: info@firatfesihkaya.av.tr
Address: Mevlana Boulevard No:221, Yıldırım Tower No:148, 06520 Balgat, Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey
Our firm advises shipowners, vessel operators, charterers, ship managers, shipping agents, logistics companies, offshore contractors, financial institutions, and international maritime businesses on shipping agency agreements, maritime compliance, customs regulations, vessel operations, maritime disputes, and shipping law matters throughout Turkey.
