Commercial Law Articles
Eylül 17, 2026
What can a foreign exporter do when a Turkish bank refuses letter-of-credit payment? Learn about documentary compliance, UCP rules, bank liability, buyer claims, evidence, and legal […]
Eylül 17, 2026
Which document controls when a bill of lading conflicts with a sales contract in Turkey? Learn about seller liability, carrier claims, Incoterms, letters of credit, cargo […]
Eylül 17, 2026
How do FOB, CIF, and DDP allocate risk in Turkish international trade contracts? Learn about damage, insurance, freight, customs, taxes, delivery, and legal remedies. FOB, CIF, […]
Eylül 17, 2026
Who bears the loss when goods are damaged during transport to Turkey? Learn how Incoterms determine risk, insurance, carrier liability, evidence, and legal remedies. When goods […]
Eylül 17, 2026
Can a foreign buyer claim for hidden defects discovered months after a B2B purchase in Turkey? Learn about notice, limitation periods, warranties, evidence, refunds, and damages. […]
Eylül 17, 2026
What inspection and notice deadlines apply when foreign commercial buyers receive defective goods from Turkey? Learn about visible and hidden defects, CISG, rejection, evidence, and damages. […]
Eylül 17, 2026
Which law applies when an international buyer rejects goods delivered by a Turkish supplier? Learn about Turkish law, the CISG, Incoterms, jurisdiction, rejection notices, and legal […]
Eylül 17, 2026
What can a foreign buyer do when a Turkish manufacturer delivers goods below contract specifications? Learn about rejection, replacement, repair, price reduction, damages, evidence, and legal […]
Eylül 17, 2026
What rights does a foreign buyer have when a Turkish supplier delays production after receiving an advance payment? Learn about refunds, termination, damages, evidence, and enforcement. […]